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ARPHA Conference Abstracts :
Conference Abstract
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Yordan Hodzhev‡, Borislava Tsafarova‡, Vladimir Tolchkov‡, Pavel Stoev§, Rostislav Bekchiev§, Mario Langourov§, Niya Toshkova§, Stanimira Deleva§, Nedko Nedyalkov§, Ognyan Mikov‡, Gancho Slavov‡, Rumyana Nenova‡, Docho Dochev|, Miroslav Tsviatkov|, Nikolay Simov§, Stefan Panaiotov‡|
Corresponding author: Yordan Hodzhev (jordanqvo@gmail.com)
Received: 09 Jun 2022 | Published: 17 Jun 2022
© 2022 Yordan Hodzhev, Borislava Tsafarova, Vladimir Tolchkov, Pavel Stoev, Rostislav Bekchiev, Mario Langourov, Niya Toshkova, Stanimira Deleva, Nedko Nedyalkov, Ognyan Mikov, Gancho Slavov, Rumyana Nenova, Docho Dochev, Miroslav Tsviatkov, Nikolay Simov, Stefan Panaiotov
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Hodzhev Y, Tsafarova B, Tolchkov V, Stoev P, Bekchiev R, Langourov M, Toshkova N, Deleva S, Nedyalkov N, Mikov O, Slavov G, Nenova R, Dochev D, Tsviatkov M, Simov N, Panaiotov S (2022) Identification of fungal taxa with pathogenic potential in soil samples from Perunika Glacier’s newly formed forefields - Livingston Island, Antarctica. ARPHA Conference Abstracts 5: e87573. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.5.e87573
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Abstract
Antarctica peninsula periphery islands undergo one of the most dramatic ecological changes due to ongoing global warming. The front fields of the Antarctic glaciers are extreme environments and pioneering sites for ecological succession. Rising temperatures lead to deglaciation in the Antarctic habitats, and the new terrain is subjected to the process of soil formation and microbial colonization. In the present study, we investigated the formation of pathogenic fungal soil microbiomes as an effect of forefield deglaciation. Soil samples were taken from two different forefields, one formed several years ago and the other freshly uncovered. Both habitats were in the vicinity of the Perunika Glacier situated in the northeastern direction of Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island, the second largest island from the South Shetland Archipelago, about 100 km north of the Antarctic Peninsula. Total DNA was extracted and targeted ITS amplicon sequencing was applied. The ITS marker sequences were then taxonomically identified. The abundance of the fungal taxa was calculated. Alpha and Beta diversity analyses to obtain fungal richness in samples were performed. Our results showed that soil habitat formation, initiated by deglaciation, was such that:
- In the newly deglaciated forefield, there was almost no fungal DNA, which prevented further analysis;
- At older drier fields metagenome content was much higher;
- Further analysis showed that the most abundant genera were Pseudogymnoascus, Simplicillium, Hanseniaspora, Mycothermus, and Malassezia.
It is known that Pseudogymnoascus and Malassezia species have pathogenic keratinolytic activity. In conclusion, the phylum Ascomycota, which dominated the core microbiome showed much higher ecological diversity and abundance, i.e. potential for colonization of the glacier forefields. In contrast, the phylum Basidiomycota appeared to be less fit for these conditions.
Keywords
soil fungal pathogens, metagenomics, deglaciation, Antarctica
Presenting author
Yordan Hodzhev
Presented at
International Conference on DNA Barcoding and Biodiversity (ICDBB), held on 25-27 May 2022 in Park Hotel Moskva, Sofia, Bulgaria
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute for the sample supply.
Funding program
BNSF grant KP-06-PN-51/8, Competition for financial support for basic research projects - 2021
Grant title
Caves as a reservoir for novel and reoccurring zoonoses - ecological monitoring and metagenomic analysis in real-time (KP-06-PN-51/8)
Hosting institution
National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Ethics and security
na
Conflicts of interest
na